比特派钱包下载安装|leb

作者: 比特派钱包下载安装
2024-03-13 05:01:15

LEB

Home

App

Merchant

Rider

Partners

FAQ

In these unprecedented times, we are here to serve you.

COVID-19: Safety measures you need to know

WELCOME TO LEB!

LEB Mobile aims to elevate the food entrepreneurs coming from Cebu's biggest online food community Let's Eat Bai

Get the food you crave by just staying at home. We are here to make it happen.

How to get started

Merchant

Step 1:

Email your inquiry to eitherof our representatives at:

sales@leb.com.ph

Step 2:

Accomplish all the requirementsneeded to our Representative

Step 3:

Our Representative will call you toconfirm the status of our Partnership

Step 4:

Once you receive a confirmationof our Partnership, you’re good to go!Welcome to LEB!

For more details please contact

sales@leb.com.ph

Merchants

Be a part of our growing network. As a Certified Vendor, you’ll have access to the pulse of our community, allowing you to boost your brand even further.

For more details please contact info@leb.com.ph

APPLY NOW

Categories

Meals

Meats

Beverages

CateringServices

HealthyChoices

InternationalCuisine

Snacks & Sweets

Bottle Preserves

Fruits &Vegetables

HouseholdSupplies

Lechon Choices

Restos

Seafoods

Poultry

Why partner with us?

WE PROMOTE YOUR BRAND

LEB makes sure to make your brand stand out in our online directory by highlighting your brand

WE HELP YOU GET FEATURED

Boost your brand by getting featured by our partnered social media influencers and bloggers. We help you get posted on various blogging sites and social media platforms. This will help you earn more sales.

Riders

At LEB, riders are as important to us as our sellers.

We want to help you earn, as we aim to offer excellent customer service to our users.

Be an official LEB Rider. Apply with us now!

APPLY NOW

Why join us?

YOU OWN YOUR TIME

On this platform, we partner with you. We don’trequire you to report specific hours for us.

EARN EXTRA or MORE

Earn as much as you want. We don’t limit you with howlong you partner with us in delivering productsfrom LEB to our customers.

How it works?

SELLER REQUESTS A RIDER

The seller accepts the order, a riderwill pick it up and delivery it to you

PAYMENT PROCESS

When the delivery is successful, a rider will keep the payment and deposit it to LEB

RECEIVE YOUR PAY

As LEB reviews the riders deposit andis approved, LEB deposits the payright to your account

OUR SPONSORS

FAQs Customer

How to order through LEB?

Location: By putting your current location, LEB will generate merchants near you for convenience.

Go to your Profile. Click delivery address and input your delivery details (address/landmark, your phone number).

Choose your preferred food/restaurant: Pick a restaurant/merchant and select items you would like to order. You can also search by merchant name, food item, cuisine type, food category. or by keyword.

Place your order: Make sure to double check your order before clicking PLACE ORDER.

Checkout: You will be directed to Payment & Confirm section. Always ensure to double check your set delivery details before checkout. Choose your payment method Cash on Delivery or Credit Card.

When all is set, select CONFIRM ORDER and we will deliver your food right to your doorstep.

Can I track my order?

Yes, the app allows you to track the current location of your order by going to MY ORDERS.

Can I cancel or change my order? How do I do this?

We highly recommend that you consider your decision before placing an order to lessen loss of profit for our sellers and riders. However, if this happens to you, a refund will be provided. For more information, please contact us at customerservice@leb.com.ph

What should I do if my order was cancelled due to to an item being unavailable?

In situations where the merchant cancels your order due to unavailability, we highly suggest you place a different order. We cannot process an unavailable order. In consideration of your safety, we do not modify the detail/s and/or item/s that you order.

Can I order from multiple merchants at the same time?

Yes, you can order from different merchants simultaneously.

Upon completing an order, simply add more items from another seller to your cart. Each order will be

picked up by a different driver; delivery fees per driver will differ per order.

Do I need to have a LEB account to place an order?

Yes, the app requires you to log in for you to place an order.

What is the average delivery time?

The merchant has 15 to 20 minutes to prepare your order. The delivery time would depend on the quantity of orders, and the distance between your delivery address and the merchant's location. Our LEB rider will do their best to deliver your order as quickly as possible.

How much is the cost of delivery?

Delivery costs are determined by the distance between you and the merchant, with the base delivery fee starting at 49 pesos. This can be reviewed upon Check Out.

What are the areas of delivery?

LEB is currently available in certain areas of Cebu Province – Cebu City, Mandaue, Lapu-Lapu, Talisay, Minglanilla (South of Cebu), Consolacion, Liloan (North of Cebu). As LEB progresses, we aim to expand the areas of delivery to other areas of Cebu Province, as this is the first platform mainly for Cebuanos.

How can I pay for my order?

LEB currently has two options for this: Cash-On-Delivery and Credit/ Debit Card:

Cash-On-Hand

Select Cash on Delivery at the checkout page and you can pay the driver at your doorstep upon receiving the order.

Make sure to provide the right amount of cash or inform the rider if there is a need for a change.

Credit/Debit Card

Select “Credit Card/Debit Card” at the checkout page. After placing the order, the app will redirect you to the secure page of our payment partner, where you can follow the instructions for paying through credit card. Do not refresh the page or go back to avoid discrepancies and double charges. Once the payment is confirmed, the order will then be relayed to the merchant.

Are there any discounts/promos available?

Yes, LEB offers discounts on items sold by the Merchant on a case-by-case basis.

What are your opening hours?

Opening hours vary depending on the merchant's physical store opening hours, which will be reflected on the app. The merchant will make it known on the app if they are closed or if certain products are unavailable.

How can I create an account?

Download the app. Click register. Fill out all the information needed for creating an account. You may also create an account when placing an order, and your delivery details will automatically be saved in your account.

FAQs Merchant

How do I register to be a Certified LEB Vendor?

Please send us an email with your letter of intent to aj.sales@leb.com.ph for those located in Cebu City or Cebu South. For those located in Cebu North, Mandaue, or Lapu-Lapu, you may contact nichole.sales@leb.com.ph. Once the request has been sent, a LEB representative will reach out to you regarding the partnership.

What device will we use?

The LEB Online Grocery Services Inc. (LEB) mobile application functions on both IOS and Android smartphones. As long as the smartphone has access to Wi-Fi or Mobile Data, it can accommodate incoming orders, and track and monitor orders.

What to do when the driver fails to pick up an order that has already been accepted?

We will provide another rider to pick-up the order as quickly as possible.

I can’t log in the app

When this happens, make sure you are logging into a registered account. Be mindful of the case sensitivity when inputting your password. Take note of the similar characters and the capitalization of letters (e.g. "Password" is different from"password"). You should also check your internet connection to ensure the device has a stable connection to the Wi-Fi or to your Mobile Data (if you are using a sim card). If you are still unable to log in, you can contact us at customerservice@leb.com.ph

What is the average time of delivery?

The delivery time depends on the distance between you and the merchant. The user will be notified upon the merchant's confirmation of the order. The merchant will then have 15 to 20 minutes to prepare the order.

How does this work?

When the customer places an order, the merchant can either accept or decline the order. Once the merchant confirms the order, they prepare the food and request for a rider to pick it up. When requesting for a rider, the app will notify "confirmed" or "pending". The app will then notify the customer when the order has been picked up for delivery by the rider. The app provides a map for the customer and merchant track the rider’s location/status. Once the order has arrived, the rider will then update the rider’s app that the order has been delivered and this will reflect on the merchant's app.

Can I change my deliver time?

Preparation time is set depending on the time required deemed by the merchant. Make sure to update the app to inform the customer if there is any delay of the delivery time set earlier.

Where can I track my sales income/order history?

We make sure your sales are tracked and monitored. You can access this by tapping/ clicking on the Menu bar, then go to "My Order", and the app will then direct you to your order history. This is comprised of your current income, the completed or cancelled orders, and the status of your orders.

How do I cancel an order?

The app allows the merchant the option to "cancel" or "confirm" an order from the customer. However, the merchant must indicate from the list of various reasons provided the reason for the cancellation of that order, to further provide good customer service.

How do I add a product/item to the app?

Step 1 Go to the menu bar and go to the "Shop" option.

Step 2 Select Product then input the new product/item you wish to add to your store. Please observe the standard quality of photos within the app to provide excellent service. LEB has a content moderator that will oversee if the requirements for uploading photos are up to standard. (Please refer to the FAQ: "How to register?" for the list of requirements needed when uploading photos.)

Step 3 Select Submit

What if I want to add a branch?

To add a branch, simply go to the Menu bar and select Branches. Here you will see your current branch/es

Click Add Branch and fill up the necessary information for your new branch.

Make sure to PIN your address accurately. The locations inputted here will be used as a reference for the rider and for the delivery fee

How do I update my location?

To update your location, go to Menu and select Branches. Choose the branch you wish to change and input the new address of your branch. Make sure to update your information in order to help the driver locate your store effectively.

How do I update my menu's price list?

You can update the price/s on your menu by selecting Product on the menu bar and click the desired item to update. Input the new item price by selecting the Update button.

What if some of my items are unavailable?

To do this, just go to the Product option, select the item that is not available and click unavailable. The item will appear gray in the user app, meaning the item is unavailable at the moment. When the item is available, you simply click the available. The merchant should update the unavailable items in the app.

How does it work?

The customer will place an order on the app and the merchant will either accept or decline the order. If the merchant accepts the order, they will have 15 to 20 minutes to prepare the order. When the rider arrives and the order is ready, they will then pick up the order and delivery it to the customer..

Where can I track my sales and order?

To see your current income and order history, click on Menu bar, go to My Order and the app will direct you to your order history. This will be comprised of your current income, completed or cancelled orders, and status of your orders.

When will I get my sales?

An order statement will be accomplished weekly (e.g. Monday to Sunday). The Sales Track will be updated weekly and can be found in the upper left corner of the app. The tracker will help both LEB and the merchant to monitor and track the placed order and sales for the week. LEB will receive the payments for the orders on your behalf and will remit your earnings within three (3) to four (4) days after the covered week.

FAQs Rider

The Merchant may engage in the services of the third-party delivery service provider (“Rider”) through the LEB platform to affect the delivery of orders to the Customers; The engagement between the Merchant and the Rider shall constitute as an independent agreement.

How does this work?

The customer will place an order on the app. Then the rider will either accept or decline the order. If they accept the order, the rider will then proceed to the merchant's location. The merchant will have 15 to 20 minutes to prepare the order. When the rider arrives and the order is ready, they will then pick up the order and deliver it to the customer.

What should I do if the customer cancels the order?

If the customer cancels the order mid-delivery, you must surrender the food to the LEB office for refund.

Do we have a daily target/quota?

Yes, there is a daily target/ quota for LEB Riders. LEB will provide incentives to those Riders who meet the daily target/ quota.

How will I know if there is an order?

You will be notified when a customer places an order. Once notified, you can choose whether to ACCEPT or DECLINE the order.

Do I have to pay for the order?

Once you pick up the order there’s no need to pay for it with your own money.

How can I confirm if my delivery was successful?

Once the order has been delivered, go to your riders app and click “Delivery Done”.

Where can I monitor my income/cash on hand?

Your income can be reflected on the Current Income tab, as well as your Cash-On-Hand tab (for Cash-On-Delivery payment).

When will I remit the money?

At the end of the day, you may remit all of your Cash on Hand at 3:00 PM.

Where will I remit the money?

Remit all of your Cash on Hand via Paymaya or at our partner payment centers.

Where can I get my money/income?

You may encash your Current Income via Paymaya or through our partner payment centers as well.

How long will my income be processed?

Processing of your income will take 1-2 banking days.

LEB Online Grocery Services Inc

Email us: customerservice@leb.com.ph

Contact

Send request

Thank you

Your message is successfully sent...

Sorry

Something went wrong

Legal Education Board - Wikipedia

Jump to content

Main menu

move to sidebar

hide

Navigation

Main pageContentsCurrent eventsRandom articleAbout WikipediaContact usDonate

Contribute

HelpLearn to editCommunity portalRecent changesUpload file

Create account

Personal tools

Create account Log in

Pages for logged out editors learn more

ContributionsTalk

Contents

move to sidebar

hide

(Top)

1History

Toggle History subsection

1.1Developments

2Composition

3PhiLSAT

4See also

5References

6External links

Toggle the table of contents

Legal Education Board

Add languages

Add links

ArticleTalk

English

ReadEditView history

Tools

move to sidebar

hide

Actions

ReadEditView history

General

What links hereRelated changesUpload fileSpecial pagesPermanent linkPage informationCite this pageGet shortened URLDownload QR codeWikidata item

Print/export

Download as PDFPrintable version

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Agency of the Philippine government

Legal Education BoardThe Seal of the Legal Education Board (LEB)Agency overviewFormed23 December 1993 (30 years ago) (1993-12-23)HeadquartersPhilippine Red Cross Building, Carlos P. Garcia Ave., Diliman, Quezon City, PhilippinesMottoLex. Excellentia. Virtus. (English: Law. Excellence. Virtue.)Agency executiveAnna Marie Melanie B. Trinidad, ChairpersonWebsiteleb.gov.ph

The Legal Education Board, or known widely by its abbreviation LEB, is an independent government agency responsible for the regulation of the legal education in the Philippines. The agency was created on December 23, 1993 through the enactment of Republic Act No. 7662 or the Legal Education Act of 1993.[1] Currently, the Board is chaired by Anna Marie Melanie B. Trinidad.[2]

History[edit]

Prior to the creation of the Board, the legal education in the Philippines was largely left unsupervised. However, on December 23, 1993, Republic Act No. 7662, or the Legal Education Reform Act of 1993 through the authorship of Senator Edgardo Angara, was created into law. Despite of the creation of the Board, it only became operational after 16 years.[3] In 2009, through the efforts of Senator Angara, the Board was given its first operational budget of 10 million pesos.[4] In the same year, former Court of Appeals Hilarion Aquino was appointed as its first Chairman.[3] His term was supposedly to end on 2014, but had to occupy his post for two years in a holdover capacity. In 2016, Aquino was replaced by Emerson Aquende, former Law Dean of University of Santo Tomas–Legazpi (formerly known as Aquinas University of Legazpi).[5]

On December 29, 2016, the Legal Education Board issued a memorandum order mandating all aspiring law school students to take the Philippine Law School Admission Test (PhilSAT). The first examination took place in April 2017 across seven key cities in the Philippines.[6][7]

Developments[edit]

The following were the major changes to the legal education made by the Board since 2009:

Migration of the basic law degree from Bachelor of Laws to thesis and non-thesis Juris Doctor degrees.[8]

For purposes of classification, ranking and promotion in non-law degrees or courses, Juris Doctor and Bachelor of Laws degrees were classified as equivalent to professional graduate degrees, regardless if the holder has bar eligibility.[8] Previously, a law degree with bar eligibility was only treated as equivalent to a master's degree.[9]

Composition[edit]

The Board is composed of a Chairman, who must preferably a former justice of the Supreme Court or of the Court of Appeals, and four other regular members, each representing the Integrated Bar of the Philippines, Philippine Association of Law Schools, the ranks of active law practitioners and the law students' sector. A representative from the Commission of Higher Education shall also serve as an ex officio member of the Board.[1] With the exception of the representative of the law students' sector, the Chairman and regular members of the Board must be natural-born citizen of the Philippines and members of the Philippine Bar, who have been engaged for at least ten years in the practice of law, as well as in the teaching of law in a duly authorized or recognized law school.[1]

PhiLSAT[edit]

Philippine Law School Admission TestAcronymPhiLSATTypeStandardized testDeveloper / administratorLegal Education BoardKnowledge / skills testedCommunications and language proficiency, critical thinking, verbal reasoning, and quantitative reasoningYear started2017 (2017)Countries / regionsPhilippinesLanguagesEnglishFeeP1,000Websitewww.philsat.com.ph

The Philippine Law School Admission Test, or more popularly known by its acronym PhiLSAT, is a one day standardized aptitude test that was designed to evaluate the academic capability of a person to pursue the potential in the study of law in the Philippines. The standardized test was created pursuant to LEB Memorandum Order No. 7, series of 2016.[10][11] The tests covers four subtests, namely: communications and language proficiency, critical thinking, verbal reasoning, and quantitative reasoning.[12][13] The test was first implemented in 1970; it was later reintroduced in 2017 and is given twice a year, on April and on September.[14][15]

In 2017, two petitions were filed before the Supreme Court: a petition challenging the constitutionality of the Legal Education Board, and the second was a petition challenging the powers of the Board to administer a standardized national test and creating such test as a requirement for law school admission.[16][17] Oral arguments were held on March 5 and 12, 2019.[18] On March 18, 2019, the Supreme Court issued a temporary restraining order for the implementation of PhiLSAT. The order further conditionally allowed those who have not taken PhiLSAT for the academic year of 2018-2019, those who did not pass the tests in the previous years, those honor graduates with no exemption certificates or with expired exemption certificates to enroll as incoming law students for the upcoming academic year. The said order was effective immediately and shall continue until further orders from the said high court.[19]

Revised Model Law Curriculum, Launched; CLEP Website, Now Open to the Public - CLEP

News & Stories

Courses

Resources

Faculty Resources

Basic Courses

Specialized Courses

Student Resources

Basic Courses

Specialized Courses

FAQs

Revised Rule 138-A

CLEP Training Program

Launch of LEB’s Legal Education Advancement Program - Supreme Court of the Philippines

News

Photo Releases

Benchmarks

Bids & Awards

Annual Reports

Lawyers' List

Downloads

News

Press Releases

SC News Online

Covid-19 Issuances

Status of Physically Closed Courts

Cybersecurity at a Glance

Courses on Demand (THAIL)

Multimedia

SC Youtube Videos

Podcasts

BAC

Bids and Awards

Downloads

Supreme Court Stylebook

Forms and Documents

SPJI

Annual Reports

Benchmark

Public Pleadings

News

Press Releases

SC News Online

Covid-19 Issuances

Status of Physically Closed Courts

Cybersecurity at a Glance

Courses on Demand (THAIL)

Multimedia

SC Youtube Videos

Podcasts

BAC

Bids and Awards

Downloads

Supreme Court Stylebook

Forms and Documents

SPJI

Annual Reports

Benchmark

Public Pleadings

Welcome to the Supreme Court of the Philippines

Trial Court Locator

Search for:

Welcome to the Supreme Court of the Philippines

Trial Court Locator

Search for:

Welcome to the Supreme Court of the Philippines

Trial Court Locator

Search for:

READ: #Bar2024 REMINDER: 30 DAYS LEFT TO APPLY FOR THE 2024 BAR EXAMS | The application for the 2024 Bar Examinations closes in 30 days, or on April 5, 2024.

READ: Infographics on Bar Bulletin No. 2-2023 Re: Application Requirements for the 2023 Bar Examinations https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/files/bar-2023/BB2-2023-INFO.jpg… #WeCanDoIt #HernanDoIt #Bar2023

Phone

JPAS Hotline:+63 2 8552-9644

Contact Email

JPAS Email: chiefjusticehelpdesk@judiciary.gov.ph

Working Hours

Monday to Friday: 08:00 - 16:30

E-Library

Home

About Us

News and Announcements

Decisions and Resolutions

Bar Matters

Filing

Transparency Seal

FAQ

Videos

SPJI

Home

About Us

News and Announcements

Decisions and Resolutions

Bar Matters

Filing

Transparency Seal

FAQ

Videos

SPJI

Home

About Us

News and Announcements

Decisions and Resolutions

Bar Matters

Filing

Transparency Seal

FAQ

Videos

SPJI

Home

About Us

News and Announcements

Decisions and Resolutions

Bar Matters

Filing

Transparency Seal

FAQ

Videos

SPJI

Launch of LEB’s Legal Education Advancement Program

February 25, 2022

Chief Justice Alexander G. Gesmundo (third from right) and Associate Justice Ramon Paul L. Hernando (second from right) pose for posterity with the Legal Education Board (LEB) officials during the hybrid launching of the Legal Education Advancement Program (LEAP) of LEB at the Sofitel Philippine Plaza Hotel in Pasay City on Thursday. With them are (from left) LEB Commissioners Abelardo T. Domondon, Josefe C. Sorrera-Ty, Lorenzo R. Reyes; LEB Chairperson Anna Marie Melanie B. Trinidad; and Court of Appeals Justice Maria Filomena D. Singh.LEAP, a program of the LEB in partnership with the University of the Philippines Law Center, is an amalgamation of reform initiatives in teaching and learning the law, legal scholarship, and the administration of legal education in the country. It seeks to ensure that the legal education system is ready to adapt not only to the continuing pressures of present-day challenges facing society, but also to the rapid technological advancement in teaching and the evolving issues, trends, and concerns in the study of law. It will benefit the 127 law schools nationwide and will tap the technical and professional expertise of legal scholars and academicians, practitioners, and legal researchers. (Courtesy of the SC Public Information Office)

Supreme Court of the Philippines

Padre Faura St., Ermita, ManilaPhilippines 1000Follow us on Twitter @SCPh_PIO.Thank you for your continued support and feedback.

Twitter

Youtube

Facebook

Instagram

Contact Info

For queries and comments,please email us at: pio.sc@judiciary.gov.ph chiefjusticehelpdesk@judiciary.gov.phOr call us at:+63 2 8552-9644 | +63 908 850-0919

Downloads

SPJI

Access to Information - Request Form

Civil Procedure

Criminal Procedure

Forms for Clerks of Court

SALN Request Form

FOI Manual

Annual Reports

Benchmark

Other Links

Supreme Court of the Philippines

Padre Faura St., Ermita, ManilaPhilippines 1000Follow us on Twitter @SCPh_PIO.Thank you for your continued support and feedback.

Twitter

Youtube

Facebook

Instagram

Contact Info

For queries and comments,please email us at: pio.sc@judiciary.gov.ph chiefjusticehelpdesk@judiciary.gov.phOr call us at:+63 2 8552-9644 | +63 908 850-0919

Downloads

SPJI

Access to Information - Request Form

Civil Procedure

Criminal Procedure

Forms for Clerks of Court

SALN Request Form

FOI Manual

Annual Reports

Benchmark

Useful Links

Supreme Court of the Philippines

Padre Faura St., Ermita, ManilaPhilippines 1000Follow us on Twitter @SCPh_PIO.Thank you for your continued support and feedback.

Twitter

Youtube

Facebook

Instagram

Contact Info

For queries and comments,please email us at: pio.sc@judiciary.gov.ph chiefjusticehelpdesk@judiciary.gov.phOr call us at:+63 2 8552-9644+63 908 850-0919

Downloads

SPJI

Access to Information Request Form

Civil Procedure

Criminal Procedure

Forms for Clerks of Court

SALN Request Form

FOI Manual

Annual Reports

Benchmark

Useful Links

Privacy Notice

Privacy Statement

Privacy Notice for the

Supreme Court website

Statement of Commitment to Data Privacy and SecurityThe Supreme Court of the Philippines respects your privacy and your data privacy rights, as well as employs reasonable measures to protect your personal data in accordance with Republic Act No. 10173 or the Data Privacy Act of 2012 (DPA), its Implementing Rules and Regulations, and the various issuances of the National Privacy Commission (NPC) (collectively, the Data Privacy Regulations).Brief Service Description and Its General PurposeUse of the Supreme Court WebsiteThe Supreme Court website serves as the online repository of Supreme Court information, references, and resources accessible to the public. By agreeing to use the Supreme Court website, you agree to the collection, use, disclosure, processing, and storage of your non-personal identification information to enable the Supreme Court to monitor the website’s engagement.What personal data do we collect?The Supreme Court website, other than the Email Form (see separate Privacy Notice – Email Form), does not collect personal data or cookies. The following non-personal identification information, however, are collected and stored by WordPress Statistics, a third-party service, to enable the Supreme Court to monitor the website’s performance through its engagement with visitors:(a) Browser;(b) Device; and(c) Internet Protocol address.The information collected by WordPress Statistics are limited to the foregoing.For further understanding, please see the brief discussion on WordPress Statistics below.Why do we collect your non-personal identification information?The information collected through WordPress Statistics shall be processed to enable the Supreme Court, not only to effectively manage its website, but also to efficiently disseminate information to the public.How do we process your non-personal identification information?Where you have provided us with your non-personal identification information, you agree to our collection, use, disclosure, storage, and other processing for the purposes and in the manner set forth in this Privacy Notice.WordPress StatisticsThe Supreme Court website uses a third-party website, WordPress Statistics, to gather anonymous statistical information from site visitors and analyze the web traffic data. Such data is not shared with any other party. WordPress Statistics collects the following:Browser;Device; andInternet Protocol address.For more information, you may visit: https://wp-statistics.com/2018/08/16/wp-statistics-gdpr/How do we protect your non-personal identification information?The foregoing information, which are encrypted, shall be captured, stored, and retrieved by the Supreme Court through the third-party server, WordPress Statistics, solely for the specific purposes stated in this Privacy Notice, i.e., for reference in helping the Supreme Court in effectively managing its website. The data shall be processed and stored with utmost security and confidentiality.Only authorized website administrators of the Supreme Court have access to the collected data stored and reported in WordPress Statistics as installed in the Supreme Court website, which in turn are subject to strict security protocols.How long will we keep your non-personal identification information?The collected information shall be stored in the Supreme Court website database. The Public Information Office (PIO) directly administers and maintains the database and the Supreme Court website. Only the PIO website administrators and authorized personnel shall be granted access to the database of the Supreme Court website. Sharing of any information that are contained in the said database with unauthorized persons is strictly prohibited.The non-personal identification information collected by WordPress Statistics is stored in its database and is accessible to the Supreme Court at any time via statistics reports until WordPress Statistics is uninstalled.In all cases, the information will be stored in a secure manner to ensure its confidentiality, integrity, and availability.Upon expiration of the period of retention, the information collected through the Supreme Court website shall be disposed of and discarded in a secure manner that would prevent further processing, unauthorized access, or disclosure of your data.Changes to our Privacy Notice:The Privacy Notice may be updated from time to time. If material changes are required, any revisions shall be published on the Supreme Court website under the News and Announcements page for your immediate guidance. Therefore, we encourage you to review this Privacy Notice periodically so that you are up to date on our most current policies and practices.This Privacy Notice was last updated on February 20, 2024.How do you contact us?If you have any privacy concerns or questions about your data privacy rights or our Privacy Notice, please contact us through:JUDICIARY’S DATA PROTECTION OFFICERSupreme Court of the PhilippinesPadre Faura St., Ermita, ManilaPhilippines 1000+63 3 8552 9566dataprivacy.sc@judiciary.gov.ph

The Supreme Court Under the 1987 Constitution

As in the 1935 and 1973 Constitutions, the 1987 Constitution provides that “[t]he judicial power shall be vested in one Supreme Court and in such lower courts as may be established by law.” (Art. VII, Sec. 1). The exercise of judicial power is shared by the Supreme Court with all lower courts, but it is only the Supreme Court’s decisions that are vested with precedential value or doctrinal authority, as its interpretations of the Constitution and the laws are final and beyond review by any other branch of government.Unlike the 1935 and 1973 Constitutions, however, the 1987 Constitution defines the concept of judicial power. Under paragraph 2 of Section 1, Article VIII, “judicial power” includes not only the “duty of the courts of justice to settle actual controversies involving rights which are legally demandable and enforceable” but also “to determine whether or not there has been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part of any branch or instrumentality of the government.” This latter provision dilutes the effectivity of the “political question” doctrine which places specific questions best submitted to the political wisdom of the people beyond the review of the courts.Building on previous experiences under former Constitutions, the 1987 Constitution provides for specific safeguards to ensure the independence of the Judiciary. These are found in the following provisions:The grant to the Judiciary of fiscal autonomy. “Appropriations for the Judiciary may not be reduced by the legislature below the amount appropriated for the previous year, and, after approval, shall be automatically and regularly released.” (Art. VIII, Sec. 3).The grant to the Chief Justice of authority to augment any item in the general appropriation law for the Judiciary from savings in other items of said appropriation as authorized by law. (Art. VI, Sec. 25[5])The removal from Congress of the power to deprive the Supreme Court of its jurisdiction over cases enumerated in Section 5 of Article VIII.The grant to the Court of the power to appoint all officials and employees of the Judiciary in accordance with the Civil Service Law (Art. VIII, Sec. 5 [6])The removal from the Commission of Appointments of the power to confirm appointments of justices and judges (Art. VIII, Sec. 8)The removal from Congress of the power to reduce the compensation or salaries of the Justices and judges during their continuance in office. (Art. VIII, Sec. 10)The prohibition against the removal of judges through legislative reorganization by providing that “(n)o law shall be passed reorganizing the Judiciary when it undermines the security of tenure of its members. (Art. VIII, Sec. 2)The grant of sole authority to the Supreme Court to order the temporary detail of judges. (Art. VIII, Sec. 5[3])The grant of sole authority to the Supreme Court to promulgate rules of procedure for the courts. (Art. VIII, Sec. 5[5])The prohibition against designating members of the Judiciary to any agency performing quasi-judicial or administrative function. (Art. VIII, Sec. 12)The grant of administrative supervision over the lower courts and its personnel in the Supreme Court. (Art. VIII, Sec. 6)The Supreme Court under the present Constitution is composed of a Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justices. The members of the Court are appointed by the President from a list, prepared by the Judicial and Bar Council, of at least three nominees for every vacancy. This new process is intended to “de-politicize” the courts of justice, ensure the choice of competent judges, and fill existing vacancies without undue delay.

The Supreme Court Under the Revolutionary Government

Shortly after assuming office as the seventh President of the Republic of the Philippines after the successful People Power Revolution, then President Corazon C. Aquino declared the existence of a revolutionary government under Proclamation No. 1 dated February 25, 1986. Among the more significant portions of this Proclamation was an instruction for “all appointive officials to submit their courtesy resignations beginning with the members of the Supreme Court.” The call was unprecedented, considering the separation of powers that the previous Constitutions had always ordained, but understandable considering the revolutionary nature of the post-People Power government. Heeding the call, the members of the Judiciary—from the Supreme Court to the Municipal Circuit Courts—placed their offices at the disposal of the President and submitted their resignations. President Corazon C, Aquino proceeded to reorganize the entire Court, appointing all 15 members.On March 25, 1986, President Corazon Aquino, through Proclamation No. 3, also abolished the 1973 Constitution and put in place a Provisional “Freedom” Constitution. Under Article I, Section 2 of the Freedom Constitution, the provisions of the 1973 Constitution on the judiciary were adopted insofar as they were not inconsistent with Proclamation No. 3.Article V of Proclamation No. 3 provided for the convening of a Constitutional Commission composed of 50 appointive members to draft a new constitution; this would be implemented by Proclamation No. 9. Under the leadership of retired SC Justice Cecilia Muñoz Palma as its President, the Constitutional Commission of 1986 submitted its output of to the people for ratification.By a vote of 76.30%, the Filipino people then ratified the Constitution submitted to them in a national plebiscite on February 2, 1987.President Aquino, other civilian officials, and members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, upon the announcement of the ratification of the 1987 Constitution, swore allegiance to the new charter on February 11, 1987 thereby putting an end to the revolutionary government.

The Supreme Court Under the 1973 Constitution

The declaration of Martial Law through Proclamation No. 1081 by former President Ferdinand E, Marcos in 1972 brought about the transition from the 1935 Constitution to the 1973 Constitution. This transition had implications on the Court’s composition and functions.

This period also brought in many legal issues of transcendental importance and consequence. Among these were the legality of the ratification of a new Constitution, the assumption of the totality of government authority by President Marcos, and the power to review the factual basis for a declaration of Martial Law by the Chief Executive, among others. Also writ large during this period was the relationship between the Court and the Chief Executive who, under Amendment No. 6 to the 1973 Constitution, had assumed legislative powers even while an elected legislative body continued to function.

The 1973 Constitution increased the number of the members of the Supreme Court from 11 to 15, with a Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justices. The Justices of the Court were appointed by the President alone, without the consent, approval, or recommendation of any other body or officials.

The Supreme Court of the Second Republic

Following liberation from the Japanese occupation at the end of the Second World War and the Philippines’ subsequent independence from the United States, Republic Act No. 296 or the Judiciary Act of 1948 was enacted. This law grouped together the cases over which the Supreme Court could exercise exclusive jurisdiction for review on appeal, certiorari, or writ of error.

The Supreme Court During the Commonwealth

Following the ratification of the 1935 Philippine Constitution in a plebiscite, the principle of separation of powers was adopted, not by express and specific provision to that effect, but by actual division of powers of the government—executive, legislative, and judicial—in different articles of the 1935 Constitution.As in the United States, the judicial power was vested by the 1935 Constitution “in one Supreme Court and in such inferior courts as may be established by law.” It devolved on the Judiciary to determine whether the acts of the other two departments were in harmony with the fundamental law.The Court during the Commonwealth was composed of “a Chief Justice and ten Associate Justices, and may sit en banc or in two divisions, unless otherwise provided by law.”

The Establishment of the Supreme Court of the Philippines

On June 11, 1901, the Second Philippine Commission passed Act No. 136 entitled “An Act Providing for the Organization of Courts in the Philippine Islands” formally establishing the Supreme Court of the Philippine Islands and creating Courts of First Instance and Justices of the Peace Courts throughout the land. The judicial organization established by the Act was conceived by the American lawyers in the Philippine Commission, with its basic structures patterned after similar organizations in the United States.The Supreme Court created under the Act was composed of a Chief Justice and six Judges. Five members of the Court could form a quorum, and the concurrence of at least four members was necessary to pronounce a judgment.Act No. 136 abolished the Audiencia established under General Order No. 20 and declared that the Supreme Court created by the Act be substituted in its place. This effectively severed any nexus between the present Supreme Court and the Audiencia.The Anglo-American legal system under which the Supreme Court of the Philippine Islands was expected to operate was entirely different from the old Spanish system that Filipinos were familiar with. Adjustments had to be made; hence, the decisions of the Supreme Court during its early years reflected a blend of both the Anglo-American and Spanish systems. The jurisprudence was a gentle transition from the old order to the new.

The Judicial System During the American Occupation

After Spain’s defeat in the Spanish-American War in the late 1890s, The subsequent occupation by the Americans of the Philippine Islands paved the way for considerable changes in the control, disposition, and governance of the Islands.

The judicial system established during the regime of the military government functioned as an instrument of the executive—not of the judiciary—as an independent and separate branch of government.

Secretary of State John Hay, on May 12, 1899, proposed a plan for a colonial government of the Philippine Islands which would give Filipinos the largest measure of self-government. The plan contemplated an independent judiciary manned by judges chosen from qualified locals and Americans.

On May 29, 1899, General Elwell Stephen Otis, Military Governor for the Philippines, issued General Order No. 20, reestablishing the Audiencia Teritorial de Manila which was to apply Spanish laws and jurisprudence recognized by the American military governor as continuing in force.

The Audiencia was composed of a presiding officer and eight members organized into two divisions: the sala de lo civil or the civil branch, and the sala de lo criminal or the criminal branch.

It was General Otis himself who personally selected the first appointees to the Audiencia. Cayetano L. Arellano was appointed President (equivalent to Chief Justice) of the Court, with Manuel Araullo as president of the sala de lo civil and Raymundo Melliza as president of the salo de lo criminal. Gregorio Araneta and Lt. Col. E.H. Crowder were appointed associate justices of the civil branch while Ambrosio Rianzares, Julio Llorente, Major R.W. Young, and Captain W.E. Brikhimer were designated associate justices of the criminal branch. Thus, the reestablished Audiencia became the first agency of the new insular government where Filipinos were appointed side by side with Americans.

The Judicial System Under the Spanish Regime

During the early Spanish occupation, King Philip II established the Real Audiencia de Manila which was given not only judicial but legislative, executive, advisory, and administrative functions as well. Composed of the incumbent governor general as the presidente (presiding officer), four oidores (equivalent to associate justices), an asesor (legal adviser), an alguacil mayor (chief constable), among other officials, the Real Audiencia de Manila was both a trial and appellate court. It had exclusive original, concurrent original, and exclusive appellate jurisdictions.Initially, the Audiencia was given a non-judicial role in the colonial administration, to deal with unforeseen problems within the territory that arose from time to time—it was given the power to supervise certain phases of ecclesiastical affairs as well as regulatory functions, such as fixing of prices at which merchants could sell their commodities. Likewise, the Audiencia had executive functions, like the allotment of lands to the settlers of newly established pueblos. However, by 1861, the Audiencia had ceased to perform these executive and administrative functions and had been restricted to the administration of justice.When the Audiencia Territorial de Cebu was established in 1886, the name of the Real Audiencia de Manila was changed to Audiencia Territorial de Manila.

The Judicial System of the Pre-Colonization Filipinos

When the Spanish colonizers first arrived in the Philippine archipelago, they found the indigenous Filipinos without any written laws. The laws enforced were mainly derived from customs, usages, and tradition. These laws were believed to be God-given and were orally transmitted from generation to generation.A remarkable feature of these customs and traditions was that they were found to be very similar to one another notwithstanding that they were observed in widely dispersed islands of the archipelago. There were no judges and lawyers who were trained formally in the law, although there were elders who devoted time to the study of the customs, usages, and traditions of their tribes to qualify them as consultants or advisers on these matters.The unit of government of the indigenous Filipinos was the barangay, which was a family-based community of 30 to 100 families, occupying a pook (“locality” or “area”) headed by a chieftain called datu who exercised all functions of government—executive, legislative, and judicial—a barangay was not only a political but a social and an economic organization. In the exercise of his judicial authority, the datu acted as a judge (hukom) in settling disputes and deciding cases in his barangay.

Mobile Menu

HomeAbout UsNews and AnnouncementsDecisions and ResolutionsBar MattersFilingTransparency SealFAQVideosContact UsE-Library—————————————————–Press ReleasesPodcastsBenchmarkBids and AwardsAnnual ReportsSPJILawyers ListDownloads

The Revised Model Curriculum of the Basic Law Program - Law School Buddy

Revised Model Curriculum of the Basic Law Program - Law School Buddy Skip to the content Search Law School Buddy Menu AudiobookCase DigestJurisprudenceNewsBar ExamsLSB WallpapersLaw School StoriesAbout Us Menu Search Search for: Close search Close Menu AudiobookCase DigestJurisprudenceNewsBar ExamsLSB WallpapersLaw School StoriesAbout UsAudiobookCase DigestJurisprudenceNewsBar ExamsLSB WallpapersLaw School StoriesAbout UsYouTubeFacebookTwitterInstagramEmail Categories NewsThe Revised Model Curriculum of the Basic Law Program Post author By Law School Buddy Post date July 9, 2022 No Comments on The Revised Model Curriculum of the Basic Law Program LEB Memorandum Order NoIn line with the authority granted to the Legal Education Board (LEB) by Republic Act No. 7662 entitled the “Legal Education Reform Act of 1993” to prescribe basic curricula for a law course, and the corresponding Resolution of the Board En Banc dated 29 June 2021 the Revised Model Curriculum for the basic law program is hereby adopted. Download LEB Memorandum Order No. 24 below:. 24LEBMO-No.-24Download Tags Curriculum, Law School ← Expanded Solo Parents Welfare Act (Republic Act No. 11861) → Bill to amend Revised Penal Code and decriminalize libel Leave a Reply Cancel replyYour email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *Comment *Name * Email * Website Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. YouTubeFacebookTwitterInstagramEmailOur Audiobooks will always be free but you may show your support here: More Law School ContentCase DigestLSB WallpapersWelcome to Law School Buddy!About UsAudiobookJurisprudenceLaw School Stories#LSBencourageAvailable TopicsAnnouncements (2) Audiobook (76) Bar 2019 (3) Bar Exams (11) Bar Topnotchers (2) Bill of Rights (2) Case Digest (8) Civil Code (5) Civil Law (42) Constitution (10) Criminal Law (25) Criminal Law 1 (9) Criminal Law 2 (8) Criminal Procedure (18) Curriculum (1) Data Privacy (1) Data Security (1) Doctrine (9) Election Law (1) GR No. 251816 (1) International Law (3) Jurisprudence (27) Labor Law (5) Landmark Case (6) Law on Sales (2) Law School (4) law stories (2) lifeblog (1) LSBencourge (2) Marriage (3) News (3) ObliCon (7) Online Class (2) Persons (17) Persons and Family Relations (2) Political Law (15) PreLaw Course (1) Property (10) Remedial Law (8) Rules of Court (16) Sales (7) Study Tips (2) Supreme Court (1) Villasis (1) VLC (1) Search for: ©

2024 Law School Buddy Powered by WordPress To the top ↑ Up ↑

leboncoin.fr

ncoin.frPlease enable JS and disable any ad blocker

LEB launches Revised Model Law Curriculum to make law students 'practice-ready'

LEB launches Revised Model Law Curriculum to make law students ‘practice-ready’

October 15, 2021

Abogado.com.ph

The Legal Education Board (LEB) recently launched online its Revised Model Law Curriculum (RMLC) and its Clinical Legal Education Program (CLEP) website aimed at making every law students “practiced-ready. ”

Chief Justice Alexander Gesmundo deemed “historic” the launch of the RMLC and the CLEP website. He lamented that the “bar-centricity,” or the focus on passing the bar instead of on practice-readiness, has been the root of problem of “the terrible attrition rates in the Philippine Bar Examinations.”

Such was because of the plain logic that “unless a student passes the bar, he or she cannot practice.”

“Today we break this cycle,” emphasized the Chief Justice.

“The Revised Model Curriculum that we are formally launching is a decisive step away from bar-centricity…I hope that everyone in the legal education community understands the significance of the adoption of the Revised Model Curriculum: this is the Philippine legal education community taking a stand and sending an unequivocal message that, henceforth, legal education will be primarily student- and society-centered, as it should be. Passing the bar examination will be THE RESULT of implementing the Revised Model Curriculum, rather than THE OBJECT,” Gesmundo said.

He added: “Thus, we see the tremendous effort of the Curriculum Revision Committee to re-think the best possible formulation, combination and sequencing of courses and credits, as well as the introduction of new subjects to reflect the developments in society, locally and internationally. I am particularly elated to note that a course entitled ‘Judicial Mind’ has been included in the list of suggested electives in the Model Curriculum, hopefully as a first step to the introduction of a full Judiciary Track in law schools.”

Optimistic of the adoption of the RMLC, Gesmundo revealed that he has already committed to push for the revision of Rule 138, particularly Section 5, which prescribes the completion of certain mandatory courses for applicants to the Bar examination.

He said that these courses need to be revisited in view of the ever-changing needs and the evolving definition of law practice, for which the law curriculum is the vehicle for preparedness.

Citing an example, the Chief Justice said that “we must finally address the question of whether Taxation should be a mandatory course and a stand-alone bar subject.”

Gesmundo also commended the launch of the CLEP website, a portal for all relevant information and resource materials on CLEP and the Revised Rule 138-A or the Revised Law Student Practice Rule.

He said that CLEP exposed the country’s law students early “to hands on and experiential learning in an effort not only to develop their skills, but purposively to stimulate and enhance their social consciousness.”

“Our duty is not only to graduate law

students, not just to ensure they pass the bar examination, certainly not just to populate the courts with more lawyers. Our duty is to foster an environment during law studies which will spawn the next generation of lawyers who are not only practice-ready, but who are equally prepared to assume the role of servant leaders in our country, “he said. #

This ‘legally funny’ abogado won’t just make you laugh, he’ll also make you think

July 25, 2023

When most people think of lawyers, the image that comes to mind is that of a serious person in a suit, often with grave expression and a stiff upper lip.

Romania detains Andrew Tate over UK sex offence charges

March 12, 2024

10-year prison sentence for counterfeiter affirmed by SC

March 12, 2024

Three BuCor lawyers promoted to Senior Inspector positions

March 12, 2024

ACCRALAW is Asia Business Law Journal’s 2023 PH law firm of the year

February 29, 2024

Asia Business Law Journal has named ACCRALAW the Philippine Law Firm of the Year for 2023, citing its commitment to the development of its lawyers and its engagement in pivotal legislative initiatives, among others.

Quisumbing Torres partner named head of PH arbitrators’ group

February 27, 2024

Quisumbing Torres partner Dranyl Jared Amoroso is the new president of the Philippine Institute of Arbitrators (PIArb), a body that promotes private dispute resolution.

DivinaLaw partners commended as Top External Counsel

January 3, 2024

DivinaLaw’s managing partner, Atty. Nilo T. Divina, along with senior partners Atty. Enrique V. Dela Cruz Jr. and Atty. Danny E. Bunyi, have been honored as Commended External Counsel for 2022-2023 by In-House Community.

ACCRALAW hails its new lawyers, including three topnotchers in 2023 bar exams

December 27, 2023

ACCRALAW congratulated its 22 associates who passed the 2023 bar examinations, with three of them making it to the top 20.

Ruben Carranza accuses holocaust survivor of misrepresenting ‘Zone of Interest’ director’s words

March 12, 2024

Netizens angered after Duterte, vloggers spotted with Quiboloy

March 12, 2024

Nesrin Cali shares feelings during start of Ramadhan

March 12, 2024

Bawi na! Wilfredo Garrido blasts senators standing with Quiboloy after 17-point demands

March 12, 2024

Better a quitter than loser! Roque gets reality check, withdraws senatorial bid

February 1, 2019

Imee wants new election watchdog for next election

January 13, 2019

Ombudsman improves conviction rate to nearly 80% in first 9 mos of the year

December 11, 2023

Remulla flags visa system vulnerabilities amid rising entry denials

November 20, 2023

Ruben Carranza accuses holocaust survivor of misrepresenting ‘Zone of Interest’ director’s words

March 12, 2024

Netizens angered after Duterte, vloggers spotted with Quiboloy

March 12, 2024

Nesrin Cali shares feelings during start of Ramadhan

March 12, 2024

Bawi na! Wilfredo Garrido blasts senators standing with Quiboloy after 17-point demands

March 12, 2024

Better a quitter than loser! Roque gets reality check, withdraws senatorial bid

February 1, 2019

Imee wants new election watchdog for next election

January 13, 2019

Ombudsman improves conviction rate to nearly 80% in first 9 mos of the year

December 11, 2023

Remulla flags visa system vulnerabilities amid rising entry denials

November 20, 2023

CA affirms DTI order for Huawei to refund purchaser of ‘overheating’ phone

March 12, 2024

Coalition’s bid for election system overhaul nixed by Supreme Court

March 12, 2024

SC upholds conviction of man caught selling fake peso bills in Bukidnon

March 12, 2024

CA invalidates ‘unconstitutional’ suspension of Arthur Casanova as KWF chair

March 11, 2024

Sandiganbayan junks bid to stop graft trial of ex-PRA execes

March 11, 2024

SC upholds dismissal of Now Telecom’s bid vs NTC circular

March 10, 2024

CA affirms DTI order for Huawei to refund purchaser of ‘overheating’ phone

March 12, 2024

Coalition’s bid for election system overhaul nixed by Supreme Court

March 12, 2024

SC upholds conviction of man caught selling fake peso bills in Bukidnon

March 12, 2024

CA invalidates ‘unconstitutional’ suspension of Arthur Casanova as KWF chair

March 11, 2024

Sandiganbayan junks bid to stop graft trial of ex-PRA execes

March 11, 2024

SC upholds dismissal of Now Telecom’s bid vs NTC circular

March 10, 2024

Romania detains Andrew Tate over UK sex offence charges

March 12, 2024

Massa takes legal action against F1 over lost 2008 world title

March 12, 2024

Trump seeks delay in New York hush money trial

March 12, 2024

How Haiti’s gangs grew into ‘Frankenstein’ monsters

March 11, 2024

Court jails man for 30 years over torching partner

March 9, 2024

Japan couples file suit seeking separate surnames

March 8, 2024

Romania detains Andrew Tate over UK sex offence charges

March 12, 2024

Massa takes legal action against F1 over lost 2008 world title

March 12, 2024

Trump seeks delay in New York hush money trial

March 12, 2024

How Haiti’s gangs grew into ‘Frankenstein’ monsters

March 11, 2024

Court jails man for 30 years over torching partner

March 9, 2024

Japan couples file suit seeking separate surnames

March 8, 2024

Ateneo de Davao College of Law Dean grants class break to Muslim students during Ramadan

March 11, 2024

UP moves LAE date

March 9, 2024

UP extends deadline for submitting documents for LAE applications

March 2, 2024

University of San Agustin Law named champion at DivinaLaw-UST Philippine Jessup Cup

February 26, 2024

LEB allows law schools to continue online classes until the end of second sem

February 7, 2024

UP Law Center launches book to encourage law enforcers to build strong cases

February 6, 2024

Ateneo de Davao College of Law Dean grants class break to Muslim students during Ramadan

March 11, 2024

UP moves LAE date

March 9, 2024

UP extends deadline for submitting documents for LAE applications

March 2, 2024

University of San Agustin Law named champion at DivinaLaw-UST Philippine Jessup Cup

February 26, 2024

LEB allows law schools to continue online classes until the end of second sem

February 7, 2024

UP Law Center launches book to encourage law enforcers to build strong cases

February 6, 2024

ABOUT US Abogado.com.ph is your gateway to the realm of legal matters. We are dedicated to providing you with the latest news concerning lawyers, legal views, and any matter involving the law. Our goal is to provide law practitioners and people who study the law with a reliable and trustworthy source of information about their fields of interest.Welcome to abogado.com.ph. We are honored to have you with us.Leila SalaverriaWriter/Editor

Learn More

Facebook-f

Twitter

Instagram

Home

Features

Snitch

Profiles

Law Firm

Court Case

Fraternity

Campus

Government

Politics

Foreign

Column

About Us